The section 4.3 in the text discusses what constitutes good evidence for causation among variables that show a strong association. We must be careful in claiming causation because a strong association may be due to causation, common response, or confounding results.
Think of two variables, not referenced in the text, that are commonly claimed to associated by a causal relationship. In your response, tell us the variables and whether you believe they are related by causation, common response, or perhaps confounding results. Be sure to support your position.
How do we reduce the risk of common response and confounding results? (You do not have to answer this question in your post)
I will comment first, just to give you an idea of what to do.
P.S. If you want to be able to post (not just comment) I will need your gmail address to add you as an author.
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11 comments:
When I see my sons using our new couch as a trampoline, I think of the comment "boys will be boys". People claim that this behavior is due to (caused by) gender.
Really though I don't think this behavior is caused by their gender. There could be other factors contributing to this behavior such as media or a recent trip to Cumberland Gymnastics. These experiences change how they think and what they do.
I suppose I should stop them soon...
In psychology we have been looking at the affect of video games and the media on adolescents. We looked at a case where a boy played a violent video game night and day. When the boy was arrested for a small charge he duplicated a scene from the video game and it resulted in a few cops dying. Many people are trying to say that the video game was the reason the boy shot the cops.
I don't believe that the boy's behavior was necessarily caused by the video game because there are many other people that play the game and don't shoot people. I believe that the fact that he doesnt have parents, and also has been passed around from foster home to foster home has frustrated him enough to react the way he did. It was a combination of all of these factors that could have caused the boy to react the way he did.
I agree with Molly. I do not believe that a video game is going to cause someone to kill people. I play video games all the time where your main goal is to kill the other team and I have never felt like killing anybody.
One of the biggest stereotypes in today's society is the assumtion that blondes are dumb. People tend to believe that the color of someone's hair has a direct connection with their level of intelligence.
Being a blonde haired girl myself, I tend to disagree with this statement. The color of someone's hair has nothing to do with how smart they are. There are many other factors that play into gaining and using knowledge, but hair color is not one of those factors. If this were true, I would not be answering this question right now as part of an AP Statistics class.
In government we are talking a lot about registering to vote. Many people say that the political party a person belongs to is due to the fact that their parents/family belonged to that political party.
Most times, I think this is a very true statement. However, many other factors go in to chosing a political party. Beliefs, candidates running, and knowledge of the party are all factors leading to a person chosing their party.
Mrs. Hankes, the gmail address that I use to comment is astambaugh94@hotmail.com. I'm not sure if that is what you need.
These are excellent examples of claims that have lurking variables. Keep it going!
Aly - I added you as an author using the email you provided. If this works, you should be able to sign in, go under dashboard, and write your own post (it should show up where mine have been)
To work off of Mrs. Hankes's thought... what about girls will be girls. The sterotype says that girls only want to do their hair and don't want to get sweaty.
There's prof in our own high school to prove this wrong. Some girls like to play sports and not worry about their hair and not getting sweaty.
-Carly
Statistics show that the most accidents in the Unitd States are caused by teenagers. People say that teeenagers cause accidents because they don't care and they drive too fast and wreckless.
I don't think it is fair for people to stereotype us like that, because everyone knows what it is like being a new driver. Our accidents aren't neccesarilly caused by wrecklessness, but by lack of experience.
I always hear music teachers mention that kids who play an instrument or who have music involved in their lives are more intelligent.
I really do not believe that music has anything to do with levels of intelligence. I think it relies more on their discipline level, how they are raised, and how they apply themselves. If a child is more disciplined, they are more likely to use their time wisely (like doing homework versus playing violent video games or jumping on couches). Also, I believe that if parents push their kids to do well at a young age, it will carry on through out their life.
In conclusion, I believe that a kid's intelligence level can't rely on something simple like music but more on the way they are raised.
Btw, my email is danfromjapan91@yahoo.com =]
Dan, I'm glad you don't do your homework while playing video games and jumping on couches. Doing homework is much safer that's for sure - not to mention the education! I added you as an author using your email - you can try posting your own message and see if it works.
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